Cargo: сборка и управление пакетами

1# Создание нового проекта
2cargo new myproject
3cargo new myproject --lib  # Библиотека
4
5# Сборка
6cargo build
7cargo build --release  # Оптимизированная сборка
8
9# Запуск
10cargo run
11cargo run -- --arg1 value
12
13# Тестирование
14cargo test
15
16# Проверка (без создания бинарника)
17cargo check
18
19# Документация
20cargo doc --open
21
22# Форматирование
23cargo fmt
24
25# Линтер
26cargo clippy

1[package]
2name = "myproject"
3version = "0.1.0"
4edition = "2021"
5authors = ["John <john@example.com>"]
6description = "A short description"
7license = "MIT"
8repository = "https://github.com/user/myproject"
9
10[dependencies]
11serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"] }
12tokio = { version = "1", features = ["full"] }
13reqwest = "0.11"
14anyhow = "1.0"
15
16[dev-dependencies]
17criterion = { version = "0.5", features = ["html_reports"] }
18
19[build-dependencies]
20cc = "1.0"
21
22[profile.release]
23opt-level = 3
24lto = true
25codegen-units = 1

1[dependencies]
2# Простая версия
3serde = "1.0"
4
5# Конкретная версия
6serde = "=1.0.152"
7
8# Диапазон версий
9serde = ">=1.0, <2.0"
10
11# С features
12serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"] }
13
14# Git dependency
15serde = { git = "https://github.com/user/serde", branch = "main" }
16
17# Локальная зависимость
18mylib = { path = "../mylib" }

1# Cargo.toml (корневой)
2[workspace]
3members = [
4    "crates/core",
5    "crates/api",
6    "crates/cli",
7]
8
9[workspace.dependencies]
10serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"] }
11tokio = { version = "1", features = ["full"] }

1# crates/core/Cargo.toml
2[dependencies]
3serde.workspace = true
4tokio.workspace = true

1[features]
2default = ["json"]
3json = ["dep:serde_json"]
4xml = ["dep:quick-xml"]
5full = ["json", "xml"]

1#[cfg(feature = "json")]
2pub mod json {
3    use serde_json;
4    // ...
5}
6
7#[cfg(feature = "xml")]
8pub mod xml {
9    use quick_xml;
10    // ...
11}

1# С specific features
2cargo build --features json
3
4# Без default features
5cargo build --no-default-features
6
7# Со всеми features
8cargo build --features full

1use criterion::{black_box, criterion_group, criterion_main, Criterion};
2
3fn fibonacci(n: u64) -> u64 {
4    match n {
5        0 => 1,
6        1 => 1,
7        n => fibonacci(n - 1) + fibonacci(n - 2),
8    }
9}
10
11fn criterion_benchmark(c: &mut Criterion) {
12    c.bench_function("fib 20", |b| b.iter(|| fibonacci(black_box(20))));
13}
14
15criterion_group!(benches, criterion_benchmark);
16criterion_main!(benches);

1# Запуск бенчмарков
2cargo bench

1# Проверка
2cargo publish --dry-run
3
4# Публикация
5cargo login your-api-token
6cargo publish

1[package]
2# ...
3readme = "README.md"
4keywords = ["web", "async", "http"]
5categories = ["web-programming::http-server"]
6exclude = [
7    "tests/",
8    "benches/",
9    ".github/",
10]

1use cc::Build;
2
3fn main() {
4    // Компиляция C-кода
5    Build::new()
6        .file("src/helper.c")
7        .compile("helper");
8
9    // Переменные окружения
10    println!("cargo:rerun-if-changed=src/helper.c");
11    println!("cargo:rustc-link-lib=static=helper");
12}

1# Установка целевого модуля
2rustup target add x86_64-unknown-linux-musl
3
4# Кросс-компиляция
5cargo build --target x86_64-unknown-linux-musl
6
7# Использование cross
8cargo install cross
9cross build --target aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu

1[profile.dev]
2opt-level = 0
3debug = true
4
5[profile.release]
6opt-level = 3
7lto = true
8codegen-units = 1
9panic = "abort"
10strip = true

1myproject/
2├── Cargo.toml
3├── build.rs
4├── src/
5│   ├── lib.rs
6│   ├── main.rs
7│   └── error.rs
8├── tests/
9├── benches/
10├── examples/
11└── .cargo/
12    └── config.toml

1# Линтинг
2cargo clippy -- -D warnings
3
4# Форматирование
5cargo fmt --check
6
7# Безопасность
8cargo audit