Spring Boot 3: быстрый старт для REST API

1<dependencies>
2    <dependency>
3        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
4        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
5    </dependency>
6    <dependency>
7        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
8        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
9    </dependency>
10    <dependency>
11        <groupId>org.postgresql</groupId>
12        <artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
13        <scope>runtime</scope>
14    </dependency>
15</dependencies>

1src/main/java/com/example/api/
2├── ApiApplication.java
3├── controller/
4│   └── UserController.java
5├── service/
6│   └── UserService.java
7├── repository/
8│   └── UserRepository.java
9├── model/
10│   ├── User.java
11│   └── dto/
12│       └── UserDto.java
13└── exception/
14    └── GlobalExceptionHandler.java

1@RestController
2@RequestMapping("/api/users")
3@RequiredArgsConstructor
4public class UserController {
5
6    private final UserService userService;
7
8    @GetMapping
9    public ResponseEntity<List<UserDto>> getAllUsers() {
10        return ResponseEntity.ok(userService.findAll());
11    }
12
13    @GetMapping("/{id}")
14    public ResponseEntity<UserDto> getUserById(@PathVariable Long id) {
15        return ResponseEntity.ok(userService.findById(id));
16    }
17
18    @PostMapping
19    public ResponseEntity<UserDto> createUser(@Valid @RequestBody CreateUserRequest request) {
20        return ResponseEntity.status(HttpStatus.CREATED)
21            .body(userService.create(request));
22    }
23
24    @PutMapping("/{id}")
25    public ResponseEntity<UserDto> updateUser(
26            @PathVariable Long id,
27            @Valid @RequestBody UpdateUserRequest request) {
28        return ResponseEntity.ok(userService.update(id, request));
29    }
30
31    @DeleteMapping("/{id}")
32    public ResponseEntity<Void> deleteUser(@PathVariable Long id) {
33        userService.delete(id);
34        return ResponseEntity.noContent().build();
35    }
36}

1@Service
2@RequiredArgsConstructor
3@Transactional
4public class UserService {
5
6    private final UserRepository userRepository;
7    private final UserMapper userMapper;
8
9    public List<UserDto> findAll() {
10        return userRepository.findAll().stream()
11            .map(userMapper::toDto)
12            .toList();
13    }
14
15    public UserDto findById(Long id) {
16        User user = userRepository.findById(id)
17            .orElseThrow(() -> new ResourceNotFoundException("User not found"));
18        return userMapper.toDto(user);
19    }
20
21    public UserDto create(CreateUserRequest request) {
22        User user = userMapper.toEntity(request);
23        user = userRepository.save(user);
24        return userMapper.toDto(user);
25    }
26}

1spring:
2  datasource:
3    url: jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/mydb
4    username: ${DB_USER}
5    password: ${DB_PASSWORD}
6  jpa:
7    hibernate:
8      ddl-auto: validate
9    show-sql: true
10    properties:
11      hibernate:
12        format_sql: true
13
14server:
15  port: 8080
16
17management:
18  endpoints:
19    web:
20      exposure:
21        include: health,info,metrics

1@RestControllerAdvice
2public class GlobalExceptionHandler {
3
4    @ExceptionHandler(ResourceNotFoundException.class)
5    public ResponseEntity<ErrorResponse> handleNotFound(ResourceNotFoundException ex) {
6        return ResponseEntity.status(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND)
7            .body(new ErrorResponse("NOT_FOUND", ex.getMessage()));
8    }
9
10    @ExceptionHandler(MethodArgumentNotValidException.class)
11    public ResponseEntity<ErrorResponse> handleValidation(MethodArgumentNotValidException ex) {
12        String message = ex.getBindingResult().getFieldErrors().stream()
13            .map(e -> e.getField() + ": " + e.getDefaultMessage())
14            .collect(Collectors.joining(", "));
15        return ResponseEntity.badRequest()
16            .body(new ErrorResponse("VALIDATION_ERROR", message));
17    }
18}

1@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
2class UserControllerIntegrationTest {
3
4    @Autowired
5    private TestRestTemplate restTemplate;
6
7    @Test
8    void shouldCreateUser() {
9        CreateUserRequest request = new CreateUserRequest("John", "john@example.com");
10
11        ResponseEntity<UserDto> response = restTemplate.postForEntity(
12            "/api/users", request, UserDto.class);
13
14        assertThat(response.getStatusCode()).isEqualTo(HttpStatus.CREATED);
15        assertThat(response.getBody().getName()).isEqualTo("John");
16    }
17}

1FROM eclipse-temurin:17-jre-alpine
2WORKDIR /app
3COPY target/api-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar app.jar
4EXPOSE 8080
5ENTRYPOINT ["java", "-jar", "app.jar"]